{"id":131,"date":"2005-01-31T11:29:34","date_gmt":"2005-01-31T09:29:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/karder.org.tr\/?p=131"},"modified":"2018-04-19T11:31:54","modified_gmt":"2018-04-19T08:31:54","slug":"huseyin-sevim-ilkokullarda-egitim-abcye-donuyor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/karder.org.tr\/index.php\/2005\/01\/31\/huseyin-sevim-ilkokullarda-egitim-abcye-donuyor\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u00fcseyin Sevim-\u0130LKOKULLARDA E\u011e\u0130T\u0130M ABC\u2019YE D\u00d6N\u00dcYOR"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 align=\"center\"><b><span style=\"font-family: Verdana; font-size: small;\">\u0130LKOKULLARDA E\u011e\u0130T\u0130M ABC\u2019YE D\u00d6N\u00dcYOR<\/span><\/b><\/h2>\n<p align=\"Justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u0130LKOKULLARDA E\u011e\u0130T\u0130M ABC\u2019YE D\u00d6N\u00dcYOR<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Milli E\u011fitim Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, yeni ilk\u00f6\u011fretim m\u00fcfredat\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde 57 y\u0131ll\u0131k okuma-yazma \u00f6\u011fretim sistemini de\u011fi\u015ftiriyor.<br \/>\n1948 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu yana \u00f6\u011frencilere c\u00fcmlelerden ba\u015flanarak okuma \u00f6\u011fretilirken, art\u0131k \u2018ses temelli harf\u2019 tekni\u011fine d\u00f6n\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Yeni sistemde, \u00e7ocuklara \u00f6nce ses, sonra harf, sonra hece, en sonunda c\u00fcmle \u00f6\u011fretilecek. Halen 9 ildeki 100 okulda uygulanan yeni sistem, \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki y\u0131ldan itibaren \u00fclke geneline yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lacak. Ayr\u0131ca bu y\u0131l ilk defa yeni m\u00fcfredat\u0131n uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 pilot okullardaki birinci s\u0131n\u0131f \u00f6\u011frencileri yaz\u0131 yazmaya \u2018el yaz\u0131s\u0131\u2019 ile ba\u015flad\u0131. Yani \u00f6\u011frenciler d\u00fcz yaz\u0131 yazmadan \u00f6nce el yaz\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frendi. Bug\u00fcne kadar dik temel harflerle \u00f6\u011fretilen d\u00fcz yaz\u0131 ise yeni T\u00fcrk\u00e7e m\u00fcfredat\u0131nda hi\u00e7 yer alm\u0131yor.<br \/>\nYeni m\u00fcfredat\u0131n uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 pilot okullarda bu y\u0131l okula ba\u015flayan birinci s\u0131n\u0131f \u00f6\u011frencileri, abilerinden farkl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde okuma yazmay\u0131 \u00f6\u011frendi. \u00d6ncelikle birinci s\u0131n\u0131f \u00f6\u011frencileri, dik temel harflerle de\u011fil biti\u015fik e\u011fik yaz\u0131 (el yaz\u0131s\u0131) ile harfleri tan\u0131d\u0131. El yaz\u0131s\u0131 eski m\u00fcfredatta ikinci s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n ikinci d\u00f6neminden itibaren verilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131rken, yeni m\u00fcfredatta el yaz\u0131s\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenci kalemi ilk eline ald\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ba\u015flat\u0131l\u0131yor ve t\u00fcm e\u011fitim hayat\u0131na yay\u0131l\u0131yor.<br \/>\nDi\u011fer bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik ise ilk okumay\u0131 \u00f6\u011fretme sisteminde yap\u0131ld\u0131. Buna g\u00f6re birinci s\u0131n\u0131f \u00f6\u011frencileri, seslerden yola \u00e7\u0131karak harflerle okumaya ge\u00e7ecek. Yeni uygulamada c\u00fcmleden harfe do\u011fru olan \u201c\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleme metodunun\u201d yerini \u201cses temelli harf ve c\u00fcmleyle\u201d \u00f6\u011frenme ald\u0131. Yeni sistemde \u00f6nce \u2018a\u2019, sonra \u2018t\u2019 sesini \u00f6\u011frenen \u00e7ocu\u011fa, hemen \u2018at\u2019 hecesi \u00f6\u011fretilecek. \u0130lk\u00f6\u011fretim T\u00fcrk\u00e7e m\u00fcfredat\u0131 bug\u00fcne kadar 1948, 1968 ve 1981 y\u0131llar\u0131nda \u00fc\u00e7 defa de\u011fi\u015ftirildi. \u00dc\u00e7 m\u00fcfredatta da okumay\u0131 \u00f6\u011fretme sistemi olarak \u2018c\u00fcmle y\u00f6ntemi\u2019 kural olarak kabul edildi ve \u00f6\u011fretmenlerden buna g\u00f6re okuma \u00f6\u011fretmesi istendi. 57 y\u0131ldan beri c\u00fcmle y\u00f6ntemi ile okuma \u00f6\u011fretilmesi esasken, bu y\u00f6ntemde zorlanan \u00f6\u011fretmenler, harf ve c\u00fcmleyi birlikte vererek \u00f6\u011frencilerine okumay\u0131 \u00f6\u011fretti.<br \/>\n\u00d6\u011fretmenler \u20181948\u2019den yak\u0131n zamana kadar gizli gizli harf y\u00f6ntemiyle okumay\u0131 \u00f6\u011fretmi\u015f.\u2019 Ancak son 10 y\u0131lda c\u00fcmle sistemine a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k verildi\u011fi i\u00e7in yeni nesil bu sistemle okumay\u0131 \u00f6\u011frendi. C\u00fcmle sisteminin esas\u0131n\u0131 \u2018\u00e7ocuk g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc e\u015fyay\u0131 bir b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak kavrar\u2019 felsefesi yat\u0131yor. Bu sistemde k\u0131sa c\u00fcmleler bir b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak \u00f6\u011frencilere veriliyor ve yava\u015f yava\u015f kelime ve harflere ge\u00e7iliyor. C\u00fcmle y\u00f6ntemine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kanlar ise bu y\u00f6ntemin ezbercili\u011fe neden oldu\u011funu dile getirdi. Bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc savunanlar, \u0130ngilizcede 3-4 harfin bir ses \u00e7\u0131karmas\u0131 nedeniyle Avrupa \u00fclkelerinin kelimeleri blok halde \u00f6\u011fretmek zorunda oldu\u011funu, ancak T\u00fcrk\u00e7ede her harfin bir ses \u00e7\u0131karmas\u0131 nedeniyle harf y\u00f6nteminin daha uygun oldu\u011funu belirtiyor. Yeni m\u00fcfredat\u0131n uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 pilot okullardan Ankara Hac\u0131 Mustafa Tarman \u0130lk\u00f6\u011fretim Okulu M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc Murat Karap\u0131nar, \u2018el yaz\u0131s\u0131\u2019 ve harfle \u00f6\u011fretim uygulamas\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fta kendilerinde tedirginlik yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131; ama birinci s\u0131n\u0131f \u00f6\u011frencilerinin g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi ba\u015far\u0131yla yenili\u011fin h\u0131zla benimsendi\u011fini ifade etti. Karap\u0131nar, normalde mart ay\u0131nda okumaya ge\u00e7mesi gereken \u00f6\u011frencilerin y\u00fczde 70\u2019inin birinci d\u00f6nem bitmeden okumaya ge\u00e7ti\u011fini belirtti. S\u0131n\u0131f \u00f6\u011fretmeni Hakan T\u00fcrko\u011flu da, yeni uygulama ile birlikte \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n daha kolay okuma ve yazmaya ge\u00e7ti\u011fini kaydetti. \u00c7ocuklar\u0131n el yaz\u0131s\u0131 ile yaz\u0131 yazmalar\u0131nda da \u00f6nemli bir sorunla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmad\u0131klar\u0131na i\u015faret eden s\u0131n\u0131f \u00f6\u011fretmeni T\u00fcrko\u011flu, \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n el yaz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n okunakl\u0131 ve gayet g\u00fczel oldu\u011funu, \u00f6\u011frencilerin de bundan zevk ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi. Okumay\u0131 \u00f6\u011fretirken de ezbercili\u011fi ortadan kald\u0131rmak i\u00e7in c\u00fcmle y\u00f6ntemi yerine ses temelli harf ve c\u00fcmle y\u00f6ntemine ge\u00e7ilece\u011fini, bu sayede \u00f6\u011frencilerin hem daha kolay okumaya ge\u00e7ece\u011fini hem de ezbercilikten kurtulaca\u011f\u0131 belirtildi. Talim Terbiye Kurulu Ba\u015fkan Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Do\u00e7. Dr. Emin Karip de, s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen biti\u015fik ve e\u011fik yaz\u0131 kullan\u0131m\u0131nda birinci d\u00f6nem sonu itibar\u0131yla sorun ya\u015fanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtti.<br \/>\nBiti\u015fik e\u011fik yaz\u0131 \u00e7ocuk i\u00e7in uygun<br \/>\nYeni T\u00fcrk\u00e7e m\u00fcfredat\u0131n\u0131 haz\u0131rlayan komisyonun ba\u015fkan\u0131 ve A\u00dc E\u011fitim Bilimleri Fak\u00fcltesi \u00d6\u011fretim \u00dcyesi Prof. Dr. Firdevs G\u00fcne\u015f, biti\u015fik e\u011fik yaz\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ocu\u011fun v\u00fccuduna ve beyin geli\u015fimine daha uygun oldu\u011funu vurguluyor. G\u00fcne\u015f, yeni sistemde ezberi ortadan kald\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 belirtti.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0130LKOKULLARDA E\u011e\u0130T\u0130M ABC\u2019YE D\u00d6N\u00dcYOR \u0130LKOKULLARDA E\u011e\u0130T\u0130M ABC\u2019YE D\u00d6N\u00dcYOR Milli E\u011fitim Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, yeni ilk\u00f6\u011fretim m\u00fcfredat\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde 57 y\u0131ll\u0131k okuma-yazma \u00f6\u011fretim sistemini de\u011fi\u015ftiriyor. 1948 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu yana \u00f6\u011frencilere c\u00fcmlelerden ba\u015flanarak okuma \u00f6\u011fretilirken, art\u0131k \u2018ses temelli harf\u2019 tekni\u011fine d\u00f6n\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Yeni sistemde, \u00e7ocuklara \u00f6nce ses, sonra harf, sonra hece, en sonunda c\u00fcmle \u00f6\u011fretilecek. Halen 9 ildeki 100 okulda uygulanan [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[5],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/karder.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/131"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/karder.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/karder.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/karder.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/karder.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=131"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/karder.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/131\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":133,"href":"https:\/\/karder.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/131\/revisions\/133"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/karder.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=131"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/karder.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=131"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/karder.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=131"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}