{"id":139,"date":"2010-11-10T11:36:54","date_gmt":"2010-11-10T09:36:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/karder.org.tr\/?p=139"},"modified":"2018-04-19T11:38:42","modified_gmt":"2018-04-19T08:38:42","slug":"mehmet-temiz-sap-hastaligi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/karder.org.tr\/index.php\/2010\/11\/10\/mehmet-temiz-sap-hastaligi\/","title":{"rendered":"Mehmet Temiz-\u015eAP HASTALI\u011eI"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 align=\"center\"><b><span style=\"font-family: Verdana; font-size: small;\">\u015eAP HASTALI\u011eI<\/span><\/b><\/h2>\n<p align=\"Justify\">\n<p>\u015eap hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 halk aras\u0131nda tabak hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak bilinen, b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00e7ift t\u0131rnakl\u0131 hayvan t\u00fcrlerinde g\u00f6r\u00fclebilen bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131 bir hastal\u0131kt\u0131r. Aft hummas\u0131, ayak-a\u011f\u0131z hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 (foot-mouth disease) isimleri de kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. S\u0131\u011f\u0131rlar, domuzlar, koyunlar ve ke\u00e7iler hastal\u0131\u011fa \u00e7ok \u00e7abuk yakalan\u0131rlar. Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra hayvanat bah\u00e7esindeki baz\u0131 hayvanlarla do\u011fal hayattaki kirpi, fare, ceylan gibi hayvanlar da hastal\u0131\u011fa yakalanabilmekte. \u00d6ncelikli olarak hayvan\u0131n a\u011f\u0131z i\u00e7i, t\u0131rnaklar, memeler, i\u015fkembe de \u00e7e\u015fitli (kesecikler) yaralarla karakterizedir. Hayvan, ya\u015f\u0131na ve cinsiyetine g\u00f6re hassasiyet g\u00f6sterir. \u015eap hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n etkeni bir vir\u00fcs olup, birbirinden farkl\u0131 7 tipi mevcuttur. Bunlar a, o, c, sat 2, sat 3 ve Asya 1 tipi olarak adland\u0131r\u0131r. Tiplerin i\u00e7inde ayr\u0131ca \u00e7ok say\u0131da alt tipler mevcuttur. Koruyucu a\u015f\u0131lar buna g\u00f6re haz\u0131rlan\u0131r. Bula\u015fma hasta hayvanlar\u0131n sa\u011flamlara temas\u0131, idrar, g\u00fcbre, s\u00fct, sparma ile bula\u015fma olur. Ayr\u0131ca hastal\u0131k etkeninin bula\u015fm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu deri, yem, yatakl\u0131k, ot, su, bak\u0131c\u0131, nakil vas\u0131talar\u0131, hastal\u0131kl\u0131 etlerden yap\u0131lan salam, sosis, gibi \u00fcr\u00fcnler ile fare, ku\u015f, y\u0131lan, kaplumba\u011fa, gibi ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131larla da bula\u015ft\u0131rma m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. \u015eap, s\u00fcr\u00fcler aras\u0131nda direk temas ve havadaki vir\u00fcs\u00fcn teneff\u00fcs edilmesiyle bula\u015f\u0131yor. Sap vir\u00fcs\u00fc, karada r\u00fczg\u00e2r yoluyla kilometrelerce uzaklara ta\u015f\u0131nabiliyor. Suda ise mesafe daha da art\u0131yor. Hasta hayvanlar\u0131n hareket etmesi \u015fap\u0131 ayr\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fclere bula\u015ft\u0131rabiliyor. Ara\u00e7lar, aletler, tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnleri ve insanlar da ta\u015f\u0131ma g\u00f6revi g\u00f6r\u00fcyor. Vir\u00fcs uzun s\u00fcre etlerde, iliklerde, i\u00e7 organlarda ve past\u00f6rize edilmemi\u015f \u00fcr\u00fcnlerde ya\u015fayabiliyor. Hastal\u0131k belirtileri i\u00e7i su dolu kabarc\u0131klar ilk belirtiler. Di\u011fer belirtiler aras\u0131nda ise topall\u0131k, uyu\u015fukluk, i\u015ftah kayb\u0131 ve s\u00fctten kesilme bulunuyor. Hastalar\u0131n a\u011f\u0131zlar\u0131ndan ip gibi salya akar, ate\u015f 40 -41 c, a\u011f\u0131z \u015fap\u0131rdatmas\u0131 ve s\u00fctten kesilme, dilinde, di\u015fetlerinde, duda\u011f\u0131n i\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131nda mercimek veya f\u0131nd\u0131k b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde su keseleri (vezik\u00fcller) g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Takip eden g\u00fcnlerde ayak t\u0131rnak aralar\u0131nda, memelerde, boynuz diplerinde, burunda enfekte yaralar olu\u015fur. K\u00fclt\u00fcr \u0131rk\u0131 s\u0131\u011f\u0131rlarda ve k\u00f6rpe buza\u011f\u0131larda hastal\u0131k \u00e7ok \u00e7abuk seyreder. Hastal\u0131k belirtileri tam olarak meydana \u00e7\u0131kmadan solunum g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve kalp yetmezli\u011finden aniden \u00f6lebilirler. \u0130nsanlarda hastal\u0131k belirtileri hastal\u0131kl\u0131 hayvanlar\u0131n s\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc i\u00e7en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7ocuklarda, bula\u015f\u0131k yer ve e\u015fyalar\u0131 kullanan yeti\u015fkinlerde de a\u011f\u0131z, g\u00f6z ve parmak aralar\u0131nda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck su kesecikleri g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. \u0130nsanlar i\u00e7in tehlikeli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir. \u0130ngiltere de 1966 y\u0131l\u0131nda, insanda sadece bir vakaya rastland\u0131. Nezlenin belirtilerine benziyordu ve ellerde kabarc\u0131klar olu\u015fmu\u015ftu. \u0130nsanlar, vir\u00fcsten etkilenmi\u015f bir hayvan\u0131n etini t\u00fcketmekle veya di\u011fer insanlardan hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 kapamaz. Etkenin (vir\u00fcs\u00fcn) dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131:1) Direkt g\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda k\u0131sa zamanda harap olur. 2) Is\u0131ya dayan\u0131ks\u0131z olup, 60- 65 oc de, 30 dak. 85 oc de ise derhal \u00f6l\u00fcr. 3) \u00c7evre \u015fartlar\u0131: etken, kurulu\u011fu, so\u011fuk ve karanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sever 4) S\u0131\u011f\u0131r derisi ve k\u0131llarda, 4 hafta; lastik \u00e7izmelerde, 14 hafta; samanda, 15 hafta; toprakta, 4 Hafta; kuru otlarda ve danelerde, 5 ay hastal\u0131k yapma g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc korur. 5) 1 \/ 2000 lik yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f formol; % 3-5 \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131r sodas\u0131; % 4-5 lik sodyum karbonat (soda); 1 \/ 10 oran\u0131nda suland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f sirke yahut %4 l\u00fck alkol; 1 \/ 200 l\u00fck potasyum permanganat; 1 \/ 250 lik lodophore gibi antiseptiklere kar\u015f\u0131 hassast\u0131rlar. Hasta hayvanlar\u0131n a\u011f\u0131z, ayak ve memelerinde meydana gelen yaralar\u0131n \u00e7abuk iyile\u015fmesi i\u00e7in yukar\u0131daki antiseptiklerle y\u0131kanmas\u0131 yan\u0131nda, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc antibiyotikler ve pomatlar tatbik edilerek iyile\u015fme h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. S\u00fcr\u00fc tedavilerinde, ah\u0131r\u0131n kap\u0131s\u0131na 15 -20 cm derinlikte uygun uzunlukta beton havuzlar yap\u0131larak, i\u00e7erisine %2 lik \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131r sodas\u0131 veya %5 lik formol\u00fcn g\u00f6z ta\u015f\u0131 doldurarak hayvanlar i\u00e7erisinden ge\u00e7irilir. Hayvanlarda koruyucu \u00d6nlemler: 1. bir ya\u015f\u0131na kadar olanlara 4 ayda bir, bir ya\u015f\u0131ndan sonra 6 ayda bir kombine a\u015f\u0131lar yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. A\u015f\u0131lar so\u011fuk zincir i\u00e7erisinde ta\u015f\u0131nmal\u0131 ve kurallara uygun tatbik edilmeli 2. yeni sat\u0131n al\u0131nan hayvanlar en az 10 g\u00fcn karantinaya al\u0131nmal\u0131. 3. ah\u0131rlara hayvan bak\u0131c\u0131s\u0131ndan ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n girmemesi, bak\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n ah\u0131rda \u00f6zel elbise, \u00e7izme kullanmas\u0131 4. sa\u011f\u0131m \u00f6ncesi ve sonras\u0131 malzemelerin mutlaka s\u0131cak su ile y\u0131kanmas\u0131 5. hastal\u0131kl\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerden asla hayvan al\u0131nmamal\u0131 6. \u00f6len hayvanlar\u0131n yak\u0131larak yahut derin \u00e7ukurlara g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fcp \u00fczerine kire\u00e7 d\u00f6k\u00fclmeli, kullan\u0131lan, malzemeler 70-80 oc kaynat\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Kaynak: hekimce.com<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u015eAP HASTALI\u011eI \u015eap hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 halk aras\u0131nda tabak hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak bilinen, b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00e7ift t\u0131rnakl\u0131 hayvan t\u00fcrlerinde g\u00f6r\u00fclebilen bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131 bir hastal\u0131kt\u0131r. Aft hummas\u0131, ayak-a\u011f\u0131z hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 (foot-mouth disease) isimleri de kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. S\u0131\u011f\u0131rlar, domuzlar, koyunlar ve ke\u00e7iler hastal\u0131\u011fa \u00e7ok \u00e7abuk yakalan\u0131rlar. Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra hayvanat bah\u00e7esindeki baz\u0131 hayvanlarla do\u011fal hayattaki kirpi, fare, ceylan gibi hayvanlar da hastal\u0131\u011fa yakalanabilmekte. \u00d6ncelikli [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[5],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/karder.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/139"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/karder.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/karder.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/karder.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/karder.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=139"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/karder.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/139\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":141,"href":"https:\/\/karder.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/139\/revisions\/141"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/karder.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=139"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/karder.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=139"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/karder.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=139"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}